能帮我写个冶金论文摘要和引言吗?
一、能帮我写个冶金论文摘要和引言吗?
摘要
本设计的主要任务是设计一座年产批量为650万吨的转炉炼钢车间。
本设计从基础的物料平衡和热平衡计算开始。主要包括以下几部分:顶吹转炉炉型设计、转炉炼钢车间设计、连铸设备的选型及计算、炉外精炼设备的选型与工艺布置以及炼钢车间烟气净化系统等。其中,转炉炼钢车间设计是本设计的重点与核心。转炉的原料主要有铁水、废钢以及其它一些辅助原料。本车间的炉外精炼主要采用了喂丝以及真空脱气手段。本车间的浇注方式为全连铸。车间的最终产品为板坯。为了适应我国现代钢铁工业的发展需求,同时本着节能和获得最大经济效益的原则,并考虑环境保护的因素,本次设计尽量采用新技术、新工艺,力求设计更加合理,以提高产品质量,提高车间的综合效益。
关键词:顶吹 转炉 炼钢 车间 精炼 连铸
Abstract
The main task of this design is the design 650MTs of converter steel-making workshop.
This design starts from the basic calculation of mass and heat balance, mainly including following several parts: design of top blowing converter, design of converter steel-making workshop, selection and computation of the continuous casting equipments, selection of the secondary refining equipments and flow arrangement as well as the system of fume purification in steel-making workshop. Among them, the design of the converter steel-making workshop is the key point and the core of this design.
The main raw materials are the hot metal, the steel scrap as well as other auxiliary raw materials. The secondary refining of this workshop mainly uses the methods of wire feeding and vacuum degassing. The casting way of this workshop is the entire continuous casting. The final product of the workshop is slab.
Fragment to adapt to the development of our country's modern iron and steel industry, meanwhile in line with the principle of conservation of energy and obtaining the maximum economic efficiency, and considering the factor of environmental protection the, this design uses new technology, new process as far as possible to improve the quality the products and enhance the combined earnings of the workshop.
Key words: Top blowing; Converter; Steel-making; Workshop; Refining; Continuous-casting
二、下列经济现象在我国出现的先后顺序是①“草市”已经具有比较完备的饮食服务设施 ②冶金技术中淬火工艺有
B
试题分析:“草市”已经具有比较完备的饮食服务实施是在宋朝,战国后期已对熟铁进行渗碳淬火。西汉以来,淬火工艺较普遍地得到应用。釉下彩绘出现于唐朝中后期,汉口成为“人烟数十里,贾户数千家”的都会是在清朝,故选B。
三、举例说明冶金热力学研究所用的装置的原理和意义
意义:热力学与冶金工程息息相关。热力学是研究化学反应可能性的基础,热力学数据是支撑冶金热力学计算,发现新冶金反应,合成新材料的基础。组分中的活度,活度系数,元素在渣—金中的分配系数等参数是研究冶金工程的精髓。
氧弹式量热计的基本原理 :燃烧热是指1 mol物质完全燃烧时的热效应,是热化学中重要的基本数据。燃烧热可在恒容或恒压情况下测定。由热力学第一定律可知:在不做非膨胀功情况下,恒容反应热QV=ΔU,恒压反应热Qp=ΔH。在氧弹式量热计中所测燃烧热为QV,而一般热化学计算用的值为Qp,这两者可通过下式进行换算: Qp=QV + ΔnRT 在盛有定量水的容器中,放入内装有一定量样品和氧气的密闭氧弹,然后使样品完全燃烧,放出的热量通过氧弹传给水及仪器,引起温度升高。氧弹量热计的基本原理是能量守恒定律,测量介质在燃烧前后温度的变化值,则恒容燃烧热为: QV =(M/m)· W·(t终-t始) 式中:W为样品燃烧放热使水及仪器每升高1℃所需的热量,称为水当量。 水当量的求法是用已知燃烧热的物质(如本实验用苯甲酸)放在量热计中燃烧,测定其始、终态温度。一般来说,对不同样品,只要每次的水量相同,水当量就是定值。